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ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 1 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated lead-free features general description the ap1512/a is a monolithic ic designed for use as a step-down dc/dc converter with t he ability of driving a 2a (3a for ap1512a) load without additional transistor components. the board space is reduced since ap 1512/a requires few external components. the external shutdo wn function is controlled by logic level and can be put into standby mode. the internal compensation ensures feedback control has good line and load regulation without external design. both an integrated thermal shutdown and current limit func tion are provided to prevent damage from exceeding temperature operation and against exceeding the current operating of the output switch. the ap1512/a operates at a switching frequency of 50khz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators. other features include a guaranteed + 4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and output load conditions, and + 15% tolerance on the oscillator frequency. the ap1512/a offers fixed output voltages of 3.3v, 5v, 12v, plus adjustable. the package is available in a standard 5-lead to263 package. ? output voltage: 3.3v, 5v, 12v and adjustable output version ? adjustable version output voltage range, 1.23v to 37v + 4% ? 50khz + 15% fixed switching frequency ? voltage mode non-synchronous pwm control ? thermal-shutdown and current-limit protection ? on/off shutdown control input ? operating voltage can be up to 60v ? output load current: 2a (for ap1512) 3a (for ap1512a) ? low power standby mode ? built-in switching transistor on chip ? lead free finish/ rohs compliant (note 1) applications ? simple high-efficiency step-down regulator ? on-card switching regulators ? positive to negative converter ordering information package k5 : to263-5l output version ap1512 x - xx xx x x packing -u : tube -13 : tape & reel blank : adjustable 33 : 3.3v 50 : 5.0v 12 : 12v part number blank : 2a a : 3a lead free l : lead free tube 13? tape and reel device package code packaging (note 2) quantity part number suffix quantity part number suffix ap1512x-xxk5 k5 to263-5l 50 -u 800/tape & reel -13 notes: 1. eu directive 2002/95/ec (rohs). all applicable rohs exemptions applied, see eu directive 2002/95/ec annex notes. 2. pad layout as shown on diodes inc. suggested pad la yout document ap02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/d atasheets/ap02001.pdf .
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 2 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated ( top view ) to263-5l 1 v in 5 sd 4 fb 3 gnd 2 output metal tab gnd current source bias 1.235v reference 2.5v regulator 50khz osc. start up + + _ + _ thermal limit pre-driver comp comp gnd output v in sd fb 220mv 200mv 2a switch + _ _ amp comp frequecy compen- sation (3a for ap1512a) pin assignments pin descriptions name description v in operating voltage input output switching output gnd ground fb output voltage feedback control sd on/off shutdown block diagram
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 3 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter rating unit esd hbm human body model esd protection 4.5 kv esd mm machine model esd protection 450 v v cc supply voltage +63 v v sd on/off pin input voltage -0.3 to +40 v v fb feedback pin voltage -0.3 to +40 v v out output voltage to ground -1 v t st storage temperature -65 to +150 o c t j operating junction temperature -40 to +125 o c v op operating voltage +4.5 to +60 v recommended operating conditions symbol parameter min max unit v in input voltage 4.5 60 v i out output current 0 2 a t a operating ambient temperature -20 85 o c
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 4 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated electrical characteristics (all output voltage versions) unless otherwise specified, v in = 30v for all version. i load = 0.5a specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for t a = 25oc. symbol parameter conditions min typ. max unit 8 i b feedback bias current v fb = 1.3v (adjustable version only) 5 10 a 42.5 50 57.5 f osc oscillator frequency 40 60 khz 1.4 v sat saturation voltage i out = 2a no outside circuit v fb = 0v force driver on 1.3 1.5 v max. duty cycle(on) v fb = 0v force driver on 100 dc min. duty cycle(off) v fb = 12v force driver off 0 % 4.5 i cl current limit for ap1512 peak current no outside circuit v fb = 0v force driver on 2.5 3 5.5 a 5 i cl current limit for ap1512a peak current no outside circuit v fb = 0v force driver on 3.2 4 6 a output = 0 no outside circuit v fb = 12v force driver off -250 ua i l output = -1 output leakage current v in = 60v -2 -60 ma i q quiescent current v fb = 12v force driver off 5 10 ma 450 500 i stby standby quiescent current on/off pin = 5v v in = 60v 350 ua v il low (regulator on) - 0.6 v ih on/off pin logic input threshold voltage high (regulator off) 2.0 1.3 - v i h on/off pin logic input current v logic = 2.5v (off) 0 -5 i l on/off pin input current v logic = 0.5v (on) -0.8 -10 ua 2.5 jc thermal resistance to263-5l junction to case 3.5 o c/w 28 ja thermal resistance with copper area of approximately 3 in 2 to263-5l junction to ambient 23 o c/w
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 5 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated electrical characteristics (continued) ap1512 symbol parameter conditions v min typ. v max unit ap1512-adj fb v output feedback 10v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load < 2a v out programmed for 3v 1.193 1.18 1.23 1.267 1.28 v ap1512-3.3v out v output voltage 10v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load < 2a 3.168 3.135 3.3 3.432 3.465 v ap1512-5v out v output voltage 10v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load < 2a 4.8 4.75 5 5.2 5.25 v out v output voltage 15v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load < 2a 11.52 11.4 12 12.48 12.6 v ap1512-12v efficiency v in = 30v, i load = 2a 83 % specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for t a = 25oc. ap1512a symbol parameter conditions v min typ. v max unit ap1512a-adj fb v output feedback 10v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load v out programmed for 3v 1.193 1.18 1.23 1.267 1.28 v ap1512a-3.3v out v output voltage 10v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load 3.168 3.135 3.3 3.432 3.465 v ap1512a-5v out v output voltage 10v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load 4.8 4.75 5 5.2 5.25 v out v output voltage 15v < v in < 60v 0.2a < i load 11.52 11.4 12 12.48 12.6 v ap1512a-12v efficiency v in = 30v, i load = 3a 80 % specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for t a = 25oc.
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 6 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics ap1512a current limit vs. temperature ( v cc = 60v, v out = 5v ) 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4 -50 0 50 100 150 temperature (ta) (c) current limit (a) ap1512a efficiency vs. supply voltage ( v out = 5v, i out = 3a ) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 122436486 supply voltage(v) efficiency(%) 0 ap1512 efficiency vs. temperature ( v in = 12v, v out = 5v, i o = 2a ) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 temperature (ta) (c) efficiency (%) ap1512 efficiency vs. temperature ( v in = 12v, v out = 3.3v, i o = 2a ) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 -50 -30 -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 tem p erature ( ta ) ( c ) efficiency (%) ap1512 supply current vs. temperature ( v cc = 12v, no load, v on/off = 0v (switch on), v on/off = 5v (switch off)) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 supply current (ma) temperature (ta) (c) sw itch on 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 supply current (ua) temperature (ta) (c) sw itch off
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 7 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical performance characteristics (continued) ap1512 frequency vs. temperature ( v cc = 12v, i o = 1a, v out = 5v ) 40 45 50 55 60 -50-30-101030507090110130150 temperature (ta) (c) frequency (khz) ap1512 current limit vs. temperature ( v cc = 60v, v out = 5v ) 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 -50 0 50 100 150 current limit (a) temperature (ta) (c) ap1512 quiescent current vs. supply voltage ( force driver off ) 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6 6.2 0 122436486 quiescent current (a) 0 supply voltage(v)
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 8 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical application circuit (1) adjustable type circuit a. v in = 10v~60v, v out = 5v; i out = 0.3a~2a, i out below 0.3a dcm c5 1n l1 47uh 12 r2 3k vin c2 1u d1 b360/b on/off r3 1k c1 100uf/100v vout ap1512/a 1 5 2 4 3 vin sd output fb gnd 0.1u c3 470uf/16v c7 b. v in = 10v~60v, v out = 3.3v, i out = 0.3a~2a, i out below 0.3a dcm c5 1n l1 47uh 12 r2 2k vin c2 1u d1 b360/b on/off r3 1.2k c1 100uf/100v vout ap1512/a 1 5 2 4 3 vin sd output fb gnd 0.1u c3 470uf/16v c7
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 9 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated typical application circuit ( continued ) (2) fixed type circuit a. v in = 10v~60v, v out = 5v, i out = 0.7a~2a, i out below 0.7a dcm l1 47uh 12 vin c2 1u d1 b360/b on/off c1 100uf/100v vout ap1512/a 1 5 2 4 3 vin sd output fb gnd 10n c3 470uf/16v c7 b. v in = 10v~60v, v out = 3.3v, iout = 0.7a~2a, i out below 0.7a dcm l1 33uh 12 vin c2 3.3u d1 b360/b on/off c1 220uf/100v vout ap1512/a 1 5 2 4 3 vin sd output fb gnd 3.3u c3 1500uf/16v c7
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 10 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated functional description +v in this is the positive input supply for the ic switching regulator. a suitable input bypa ss capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator. ground circuit ground. output internal switch. the voltage at this pin switches between (+v in ? v sat ) and approximately ? 0.5v, with a duty cycle of approximately v out / v in . to minimize coupling to sensitive ci rcuitry, the pc board copper area connected to this pin should be kept a minimum. feedback senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. on/off allows the switching regulator circuit to be shutdown using logic level signals thus dropping the total input supply current to approximately 150ua. pulling this pin below a threshold voltage of approximately 1.3v turns the regulator on, and pulling this pin above 1.3v (up to a maximum of 40v) shuts the regulator down. if this shutdown f eature is not needed, the sd pin can be wired to the ground pin or it can be left open, in either case the regulator will be in the on condition. thermal considerations the ap1512/a is available in a 5-pin surface mount to-263 package. the to-263 surface mount package tab is designed to be soldered to the copper on a printed circuit board. the copper and the b oard are the heat sink for this package and the other heat producing components, such as the catch diode and inductor. the pc board copper area that the package is sol dered to should be at least 0.4 in 2 , and ideally should have 2 or more square inches of 2 oz. additional copper area improves the thermal characteristics, but with copper areas greater than approximately 6 in 2 , only small improvements in heat dissipation are realized. if further thermal improvements are needed, double sided, multilayer pc boards with large copper areas and/or airflow are recommended. the ap1512/a (to-263 package) junction temperature rises above ambient temperature with a 2a load for various input and output voltages. this data was taken with the circuit operating as a buck switching regulator with all components mounted on a pc boa rd to simulate the junction temperature under act ual operating conditions. this curve c an be used for a quick check for the approxim ate junction temperature for various conditions, but be aware that there are many fact ors that can affect the junction temperature. when load currents higher than 2a are used, double sided or multilayer pc boards with large copper areas and/or airflow might be nee ded, especially for high ambient temperatures and high output voltages. for the best thermal performance, wide copper traces and generous amounts of printed circuit board copper should be used in the board layout. (once exception to this is the out put (switch) pin, which should not have la rge areas of copper.) large areas of copp er provide the best transfer of heat (lower thermal resistance) to the su rrounding air, and moving air lowe rs the thermal resistance even further. package thermal resistance and junction temper ature rise numbers are all approximate, and there are many factors that will affe ct these numbers. some of these factors include board size, shape, thick ness, position, location, and even board temperature. other fa ctors are, trace width, total printed circuit copper area, copper thickness, single or double-sided, multilayer board and the amount of solder on the board. the effectiveness of the pc board to dissipate heat also depends on the size, quantity and spacing of other compone nts on the board, as well as whether the surrounding air is still or movi ng. furthermore, some of these components such as the catch d iode will add heat to the pc board and the heat can vary as the input vo ltage changes. for the inductor, depending on the physical size, type of core material and the dc resistance, it c ould either act as a heat sink taking heat aw ay from the board, or it could add heat t o the board.
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 11 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated marking information (1) to263-5l 1512x-xx output type: 1512: adj 1512-33: 3.3v 1512-50: 5.0v 1512-12: 12v logo internal code year: (top view) "08" = 2008 "07" = 2007 yy ww x x xth week: 01~52 ~ l : lead free package information (all dimensions in mm) (1) package type: to263-5l
ap1512/a 50khz, 2a/3a pwm buck dc/dc converter ap1512/a rev. 4 12 of 12 may 2008 www.diodes.com ? diodes incorporated important notice life support diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to any product herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any pr oduct described herein; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights, nor the rights of others. the user of products in such applications shall a ssume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are represented on our website, harmless against all dam ages. diodes incorporated products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the e xpressed written approval of the president of diodes incorporated.

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